7,2′-Dihydroxy-3′,4′-dimethoxyisoflavan

31438505

Sagittaria trifolia is a medicinal foodstuff of China and East Asia belonging to the family Alismataceae. Samples of S. trifolia tubers were collected from Meihekow, Siping, Jilin, Harbin and Wuchang from Northeast China. The current study was aimed to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative analysis, antioxidant activity, biochemical analysis and chemical composition of different populations of S. trifolia. By using Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminium chloride colourimetric and 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total phenol and flavonoids content and antioxidant activity was analysed. Furthermore, chemical composition, biochemical analysis and mineral substances were also determined. The results showed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins, glycosides and steroids except for alkaloids and terpenoids by qualitative analysis. Quantitative analysis revealed that highest total phenol, flavonoids content and antioxidant potential identified from Meihekow, i.e., 2.307 mg GAE/g, 12.263 mg QE/g and 77.373%, respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry results showed the presence of 40 chemical compounds corresponding to 99.44% of total extract that might be responsible for antioxidant properties. Mineral and biochemical analysis revealed the presence of calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, iron, copper, zinc and, carbohydrate, protein, fibre and fat contents, respectively. Interestingly, all S. trifolia populations collected from different locations possess similar composition. The dietary values, phytoconstituents, antioxidant activities and nutritional and curative chemical compounds of S. trifolia are beneficial for the nutritherapy of human beings.

Sagittaria trifolia, phytochemicals, phenol and flavonoids content, DPPH, biochemical composition

Phytochemical Analysis, Biochemical and Mineral Composition and GC-MS Profiling of Methanolic Extract of Chinese Arrowhead Sagittaria trifolia L. from Northeast China

Maqsood Ahmed,1 Mingshan Ji,1,* Aatika Sikandar,1 Aafia Iram,2 Peiwen Qin,1 He Zhu,1 Ansar Javeed,3 Jamil Shafi,4 Zeeshan Iqbal,5 Mazher Farid Iqbal,3 and Zhonghua Sun1

2019 Sep;

25701870

There are two known mRNA degradation pathways, 3′ to 5′ and 5′ to 3′. We identified likely pathogenic variants in two genes involved in these two pathways in individuals with intellectual disability. In a large family with multiple branches, we identified biallelic variants in DCPS in three affected individuals; a splice site variant (c.636+1G>A) that results in an in-frame insertion of 45 nucleotides and a missense variant (c.947C>T; p.Thr316Met). DCPS decaps the cap structure generated by 3′ to 5′ exonucleolytic degradation of mRNA. In vitro decapping assays showed an ablation of decapping function for both variants in DCPS. In another family, we identified a homozygous mutation (c.161T>C; p.Phe54Ser) in EDC3 in two affected children. EDC3 stimulates DCP2, which decaps mRNAs at the beginning of the 5′ to 3′ degradation pathway. In vitro decapping assays showed that altered EDC3 is unable to enhance DCP2 decapping at low concentrations and even inhibits DCP2 decapping at high concentration. We show that individuals with biallelic mutations in these genes of seemingly central functions are viable and that these possibly lead to impairment of neurological functions linking mRNA decapping to normal cognition. Our results further affirm an emerging theme linking aberrant mRNA metabolism to neurological defects.

Mutations in DCPS and EDC3 in autosomal recessive intellectual disability indicate a crucial role for mRNA decapping in neurodevelopment

Iltaf Ahmed,1,2,† Rebecca Buchert,3,† Mi Zhou,5,† Xinfu Jiao,5,† Kirti Mittal,1 Taimoor I. Sheikh,1 Ute Scheller,3 Nasim Vasli,1 Muhammad Arshad Rafiq,1 M. Qasim Brohi,6 Anna Mikhailov,1 Muhammad Ayaz,7 Attya Bhatti,2 Heinrich Sticht,4 Tanveer Nasr,8,9 Melissa T. Carter,10 Steffen Uebe,3 Andre Reis,3 Muhammad Ayub,7,11 Peter John,2 Megerditch Kiledjian,5,* John B. Vincent,1,12,13,* and Rami Abou Jamra3,*

2015 Jun 1