Bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) sulfide

25147453

Two new species of Aphidura Hille Ris Lambers, 1956 (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Macrosiphini) are described; Aphidura libanensis sp. n. from Prunus prostrata in Lebanon, and Aphidura corsicensis sp. n. from Cerastium soleirolii in Corsica (France). Studies of Aphidura bozhkoae specimens from different localities have revealed that this species varies in its pattern of dorsal sclerotisation and other morphological characters, within and between populations. An updated key for identifying the world’s species of Aphidura is presented.

Aphidura, new taxa, descriptions, intraspecific variation, key of species

Two more new species of Aphidura (Hemiptera, Aphididae), and a note on variation in Aphidura bozhkoae Narzikulov

Juan M. Nieto Nafria,1 Roger L. Blackman,2 and Jon H. Martin2

2014;

29603879

Introduction
To close gaps in HIV prevention and care, knowledge about locations and populations most affected by HIV is essential. Here, we provide subnational and sub‐population estimates of three key HIV epidemiological indicators, which have been unavailable for most settings.

Methods
We used surveillance data on newly diagnosed HIV cases from 2004 to 2014 and back‐calculation modelling to estimate in France, at national and subnational levels, by exposure group and country of birth: the numbers of new HIV infections, the times to diagnosis, the numbers of undiagnosed HIV infections. The denominators used for rate calculations at national and subnational levels were based on population size (aged 18 to 64) estimates produced by the French National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies and the latest national surveys on sexual behaviour and drug use.

Results
We estimated that, in 2014, national HIV incidence was 0.17‰ (95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.16 to 0.18) or 6607 (95% CI: 6057 to 7196) adults, undiagnosed HIV prevalence was 0.64‰ (95% CI: 0.57 to 0.70) or 24,197 (95% CI: 22,296 to 25,944) adults and median time to diagnosis over the 2011 to 2014 period was 3.3 years (interquartile range: 1.2 to 5.7). Three mainland regions, including the Paris region, out of the 27 French regions accounted for 56% of the total number of new and undiagnosed infections. Incidence and undiagnosed prevalence rates were 2‐ to 10‐fold higher than the national rates in three overseas regions and in the Paris region (p‐values < 0.001). Rates of incidence and undiagnosed prevalence were higher than the national rates for the following populations (p‐values < 0.001): born‐abroad men who have sex with men (MSM) (respectively, 108‐ and 78‐fold), French‐born MSM (62‐ and 44‐fold), born‐abroad persons who inject drugs (14‐ and 18‐fold), sub‐Saharan African‐born heterosexuals (women 15‐ and 15‐fold, men 11‐ and 13‐fold). Importantly, affected populations varied from one region to another, and in regions apparently less impacted by HIV, some populations could be as impacted as those living in most impacted regions. Conclusions In France, some regions and populations have been most impacted by HIV. Subnational and sub‐population estimates of key indicators are not only essential to adapt, design implement and evaluate tailored HIV interventions in France, but also elsewhere where similar heterogeneity is likely to exist.

HIV incidence, undiagnosed HIV prevalence, time to HIV diagnosis, subnational and sub‐population estimates, modelling, exposure group, geographical analysis, map

Revealing geographical and population heterogeneity in HIV incidence, undiagnosed HIV prevalence and time to diagnosis to improve prevention and care: estimates for France

Lise Marty,corresponding author 1 Francoise Cazein, 2 Henri Panjo, 3 , 4 Josiane Pillonel, 2 Dominique Costagliola, 1 Virginie Supervie,corresponding author 1 and the HERMETIC Study Group †

2018 Mar;