Catalogue Number
BD-P0302
Analysis Method
HPLC,NMR,MS
Specification
98.0%(HPLC)
Storage
2-8°C
Molecular Weight
326.34
Appearance
Powder
Botanical Source
Structure Type
Phenols
Category
SMILES
CC1(C(CC2=C(O1)C=C3C(C2)C=C(O3)C4=CC(=CC(=C4)O)O)O)C
Synonyms
5-(6-hydroxy-7,7-dimethyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydrofuro[3,2-g]chromen-2-yl)benzene-1,3-diol
IUPAC Name
Density
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
Solubility
Soluble in Chloroform,Dichloromethane,Ethyl Acetate,DMSO,Acetone,etc.
Flash Point
292.8±30.1 °C
Boiling Point
560.6±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point
InChl
InChI=1S/C19H20O5/c1-19(2)18(22)7-11-3-10-6-15(23-16(10)9-17(11)24-19)12-4-13(20)8-14(21)5-12/h4-6,8-10,18,20-22H,3,7H2,1-2H3
InChl Key
OXSJQIXSXQJWOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
WGK Germany
RID/ADR
HS Code Reference
2933990000
Personal Projective Equipment
Correct Usage
For Reference Standard and R&D, Not for Human Use Directly.
Meta Tag
provides coniferyl ferulate(CAS#:102841-46-3) MSDS, density, melting point, boiling point, structure, formula, molecular weight etc. Articles of coniferyl ferulate are included as well.>> amp version: coniferyl ferulate
No Technical Documents Available For This Product.
25852948
Objectives
To assess the left ventricular heart function and the clinical outcome 16 years after coronary artery bypass surgery.
Design
In a randomised trial, the no-touch (NT) vein graft in coronary artery bypass surgery has shown a superior patency rate, a slower progression of atherosclerosis and better clinical outcome compared to the conventional (C) vein graft at 8.5 years. All patients at mean time 16 years were offered an echocardiographic and clinical examination.
Results
In the NT-group 34 patients and in the C-group 31 patients underwent an echocardiography examination. A significantly better left ventricle ejection fraction was seen in the NT-group compared to the C-group (57.9% vs 49.4%; p=0.011). The size of the left atrium in NT was 21.7 cm2 compared to 23.9 cm2 in C; p=0.034. No patient in NT had atrial fibrillation compared to five patients in C (p=0.021). Patients with a brain natriuretic peptide value (BNP) ≥150 was 30% in NT compared to 38% in C. Total mortality was 25% in NT vs 27% in C. Cardiac-related deaths were 8% and 12% in NT and C respectively.
Conclusions
The NT vein graft preserves the left ventricular ejection fraction after 16 years. A smaller left atrium, a lower BNP and no atrial fibrillation indicates an improved diastolic left ventricular function in the NT-group.
Trial registration
The study is registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01686100) and The Research and Development registry in Sweden (no. 102841).
Vein graft Disease
The no-touch vein graft for coronary artery bypass surgery preserves the left ventricular ejection fraction at 16 years postoperatively: long-term data from a longitudinal randomised trial
Benny Johansson,1 Ninos Samano,2 Domingos Souza,2 Lennart Bodin,3 Derek Filbey,2 John D Mannion,4 and Leif Bojo5
2015;
18973689
Background
Evolutionary genetics provides a rich theoretical framework for empirical studies of phylogeography. Investigations of intraspecific genetic variation can uncover new putative species while allowing inference into the evolutionary origin and history of extant populations. With a distribution on four continents ranging throughout most of the Old World, Lampides boeticus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) is one of the most widely distributed species of butterfly. It is placed in a monotypic genus with no commonly accepted subspecies. Here, we investigate the demographic history and taxonomic status of this widespread species, and screen for the presence or absence of the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia.
Results
We performed phylogenetic, population genetic, and phylogeographic analyses using 1799 bp of mitochondrial sequence data from 57 specimens collected throughout the species’ range. Most of the samples (>90%) were nearly genetically identical, with uncorrected pairwise sequence differences of 0 – 0.5% across geographic distances > 9,000 km. However, five samples from central Thailand, Madagascar, northern Australia and the Moluccas formed two divergent clades differing from the majority of samples by uncorrected pairwise distances ranging from 1.79 – 2.21%. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that L. boeticus is almost certainly monophyletic, with all sampled genes coalescing well after the divergence from three closely related taxa included for outgroup comparisons. Analyses of molecular diversity indicate that most L. boeticus individuals in extant populations are descended from one or two relatively recent population bottlenecks.
Conclusion
The combined analyses suggest a scenario in which the most recent common ancestor of L. boeticus and its sister taxon lived in the African region approximately 7 Mya; extant lineages of L. boeticus began spreading throughout the Old World at least 1.5 Mya. More recently, expansion after population bottlenecks approximately 1.4 Mya seem to have displaced most of the ancestral polymorphism throughout its range, though at least two early-branching lineages still persist. One of these lineages, in northern Australia and the Moluccas, may have experienced accelerated differentiation due to infection with the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia, which affects reproduction. Examination of a haplotype network suggests that Australia has been colonized by the species several times. While there is little evidence for the existence of morphologically cryptic species, these results suggest a complex history affected by repeated dispersal events.
Phylogeography and genetic diversity of a widespread Old World butterfly, Lampides boeticus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
David J Lohman,corresponding author1 Djunijanti Peggie,2 Naomi E Pierce,3 and Rudolf Meier1
2008;
28288606
Background
Asian traditional herbal preparations are frequently considered for the contamination with undeclared toxic or hazardous substances. The aim of this study was to determine the toxic heavy metals, pesticides and sulfur dioxide in decoctions that is a common form of final utilization in Korea.
Methods
A total of 155 decoctions composed of multi-ingredient traditional herbs were randomly sampled from Seoul in Korea between 2013 and 2014. For each decoction, the concentrations of four heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury), 33 pesticides and sulfur dioxide were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), mercury analyzer, gas chromatography/nitrogen phosphorous detector (GC/NPD), gas chromatography/micro electron capture detector (GC/μECD), and Monier-Williams method respectively.
Results
One hundred fifty-two of One hundred fifty-five decoctions (98.1%) contained one of three heavy metals (96.1% for As, 97.4% for Cd, and 90.3% for Pb, 0.0% for Hg). Their average concentrations (77.0 ± 79.7 ug/kg for As, 20.4 ± 23.7 ug/kg for Cd, and 68.8 ± 76.5 ug/kg for Pb) were approximately 20% of the maximum allowable limits of vegetable or ginseng beverage described in the Korean Food Standard Codex while their 95th percentile concentrations were below than the guideline for them. None of 33 pesticides was detected in 155 decoction samples, and only one sample showed over limit of detection for residual sulfites.
Conclusions
This study support that the contained status of toxic heavy metals, pesticides and sulfur dioxide in herbal decoctions are currently within safe level in Korea, and provide a reference data for the further studies focused on the safety herbal preparations.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1646-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Herbal decoction, Quality control, Contamination, Heavy metals, Pesticides, Sulfur dioxide
Monitoring heavy metals, residual agricultural chemicals and sulfites in traditional herbal decoctions
In-Sil Yu,corresponding author1 Jeong-Sook Lee,1 Sung-Dan Kim,1 Yun-Hee Kim,1 Hae-Won Park,1 Hoe-Jin Ryu,1 Jib-Ho Lee,1 Jeong-Mi Lee,1 Kweon Jung,1 Cheol Na,2 Jin-Yong Joung,3 and Chang-Gue Soncorresponding author3
2017;