Pseudoginsenoside RT1

28715610

Background
Drugs can prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting, but their relative efficacies and side effects have not been compared within one systematic review.

Objectives
The objective of this review was to assess the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting by drugs and the development of any side effects.

Search methods
We searched The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library, Issue 2, 2004), MEDLINE (January 1966 to May 2004), EMBASE (January 1985 to May 2004), CINAHL (1982 to May 2004), AMED (1985 to May 2004), SIGLE (to May 2004), ISI WOS (to May 2004), LILAC (to May 2004) and INGENTA bibliographies.

Selection criteria
We included randomized controlled trials that compared a drug with placebo or another drug, or compared doses or timing of administration, that reported postoperative nausea or vomiting as an outcome.

Data collection and analysis
Two authors independently assessed trial quality and extracted outcome data.

Main results
We included 737 studies involving 103,237 people. Compared to placebo, eight drugs prevented postoperative nausea and vomiting: droperidol, metoclopramide, ondansetron, tropisetron, dolasetron, dexamethasone, cyclizine and granisetron. Publication bias makes evidence for differences among these drugs unreliable. The relative risks (RR) versus placebo varied between 0.60 and 0.80, depending upon the drug and outcome. Evidence for side effects was sparse: droperidol was sedative (RR 1.32) and headache was more common after ondansetron (RR 1.16).

Authors’ conclusions
Either nausea or vomiting is reported to affect, at most, 80 out of 100 people after surgery. If all 100 of these people are given one of the listed drugs, about 28 would benefit and 72 would not. Nausea and vomiting are usually less common and, therefore, drugs are less useful. For 100 people, of whom 30 would vomit or feel sick after surgery if given placebo, 10 people would benefit from a drug and 90 would not. Between one to five patients out of every 100 people may experience a mild side effect, such as sedation or headache, when given an antiemetic drug. Collaborative research should focus on determining whether antiemetic drugs cause more severe, probably rare, side effects. Further comparison of the antiemetic effect of one drug versus another is not a research priority.

Humans, Antiemetics, Antiemetics/therapeutic use, Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting, Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting/prevention & control, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting

John Carlislecorresponding author and Carl A Stevenson

2017 Jul;

29159234

This data article contains complementary tables related to the research article entitled, ‘Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on ER stress-related genes and glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid, and glycine transporter genes in mouse brain’ (Ikeda et al. (2017) [1]), which showed that rTMS modulates glutamate, GABA and glycine transporters and regulates ER stress-related genes. Here we provide accompanying data collected using Affymetrix GeneChip microarrays to identify changes in gene expression in mouse cerebrum treated with rTMS for 30 days (Tables 1-10).

Gene expression microarray data from mouse cerebrum treated with rTMS for 30 days

Tetsurou Ikeda,a,b,1,* Satoru Kobayashi,c and Chikao Morimotob

2017 Dec